LungDepo: PFAS Lung Deposition Dosimetry

How NovaMechanics developed a cloud-based particle deposition dosimetry tool implementing ICRP and MPPD models for quantifying respiratory tract deposition of PFAS and other airborne contaminants.

Environmental Science: Nano • 2025
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The Challenge

Quantifying Inhaled Particle Deposition

Inhalation is a primary exposure route for airborne contaminants including PFAS, PAHs, and engineered nanomaterials. Regulatory risk assessment requires quantitative estimates of where particles deposit in the respiratory tract and how much mass reaches each lung region. Existing deposition models were not easily accessible as web-based tools with standardized APIs.

3 Regions
Head airways, tracheobronchial, alveolar
2 Models
ICRP and MPPD dosimetry frameworks
Cover Article
Featured on journal cover

Our Methodology

A comprehensive approach to lung deposition modeling and cloud deployment

Dual Dosimetry Framework

Implemented both the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) model and the Multiple-Path Particle Dosimetry (MPPD) model, enabling users to compare regional deposition estimates from two gold-standard approaches.

Regional Deposition Computation

Computes deposition fractions across three respiratory regions: head airways (HA/extrathoracic), tracheobronchial (TB), and alveolar (AL). Accounts for particle size, density, shape factor, and breathing parameters.

Mass and Surface Area Dosimetry

Calculates not only deposited mass per region but also surface area coverage and size-fraction contributions (coarse, fine, and ultrafine particles), providing comprehensive dosimetric profiles for risk assessment.

Predefined Exposure Scenarios

Includes predefined scenarios for PFAS (based on Lin et al. measurements), PAHs, silane-based substances, and other contaminant classes. Users can also define custom particle distributions and breathing patterns.

PFAS Case Study Validation

Validated using PFAS deposition at a landfill site. ICRP model predicted ~110 pg/h total deposition: HA 77%, TB 5%, AL 18%. MPPD model showed HA 66%, TB 13%, AL 21%, demonstrating model consistency and intercomparison capability.

REST API and Cloud Deployment

Deployed on the Enalos Cloud Platform with RESTful API for programmatic integration into exposure assessment pipelines and regulatory workflows.

Results at a Glance

~110 pg/h
PFAS Total Deposition
Predicted deposition rate at landfill site
77% HA
ICRP Head Airways
Primary deposition region for PFAS particles
3 Fractions
Size-Dependent Analysis
Coarse, fine, and ultrafine contributions
2 Models
ICRP + MPPD
Dual gold-standard deposition frameworks
REST API
Cloud-Based Access
Programmatic integration capability
Cover Article
Journal Recognition
Featured on Environmental Science: Nano cover

Related Publication

Peer-Reviewed Paper

LungDepo: modelling the regional particle deposition in the human lung via the Enalos Cloud platform

Mintis D.G., Varsou D.-D., Kolokathis P.D., Tsoumanis A., Melagraki G., Seif J.P., del Real A.J., Lynch I., Afantitis A. — Environmental Science: Nano, 2025, 12(8):3921–3937 — DOI: 10.1039/d5en00299k